The purpose of the article is to describe the technology of making Boretskaya painting and highlight the most important thing. In addition, talk about the peculiarities of the Boretskaya painting and about compositional techniques, technology, themes and manner.
Severodvinsk painting, technology, folk art, boretskaya
Introduction
Boretskaya painting is colorful, it is impossible not to notice and look away. The painting got its name from the village, where it originated. Her beauty inspired her to study motives, event plots, created by masters of folk painting, revealing for herself the characteristic features and techniques, technology. The set of technical and visual means of artists corresponds to the rules of icon painting. The images did not have a play of light and shadow, there was no implied light source. Images are always two-dimensional, and all persons are either equally enlarged or equal in size in terms of their importance in a particular plot. A characteristic feature is the minimum of details, due to which all scenes acquire special expressiveness. The characters are facing the beholder. The painting was done over the ground. The plot was arranged in a vegetable framed frame. Recognizable element: vegetation, berries, leaves, tree, animals, birds. Gold is added to the composition, making it festive and elegant. The images are distinguished by the grace of lines and the whiteness or naturalness of the background, the floral pattern is highlighted in color, gilding with gold leaf created a festive look and an elegant, expressive mood. [3] Compositional features and themes: For the painting, the "Festive Chest" Bench "was chosen. The composition is characterized by a rosette with a very rich tulip (Fig. 1). In the uppermost compositional circle there is a dove, possibly an image of a flower. The traditional composition reflects the everyday scenes of the people. There are vegetation - bushes with buds and curls, petal rosettes, solar symbols, wedding themes, a carriage a guy and a girl in themed exposure. The tulip element is characteristic, the heroes are dressed in beautiful laconic outfits.
The symbolic "Tree of Life" with the image of birds - a symbol of the power of nature, the well-being of a happy life is depicted by a strong and at the same time graceful tree with roots - the "Tree of Life". [5] The composition of the gift chest depicts a scene with a village sleigh, transport that is relevant at any time of the year and in any weather, for any holiday and fair, for a wedding - this object is present in all characteristic scenes. To depict geometric details, which are rich in painting, it is necessary to use a compass and a ruler so that the painting is clear and accurate. Before starting work on the product, you need to study the history of painting and develop a suitable shape for the chest and take into account the functional use in the interior.
The shape of the “Bench” chest is selected (Fig. 2.).
Fig. 2. Sketches of chests
For the painting, we take the wooden parts of the bench chest. Materials and tools: wood base, gouache, tempera, ink, brushes, feather, varnish, sandpaper for surface treatment and primer. Traditionally, gouache and tempera are used in painting. For painting, they use round columnar brushes and synthetics with a sharp end No. 2, 3, 4, 5. [4] A quality approach is important, you need to select good quality tools, as well as materials, everything affects the quality and appearance of the object. It is necessary to use pencils of all types of hardness, you will need coarse and fine sandpaper, sketch paper and varnish (acrylic matt or pf unique super matte).
Sketching.
The basis for the development of sketches was used to study photos of products from the Bork Museum of Folk Artists, a book on color science. In compositions, everything depends on the shape of the object, the plot is selected based on this rule. In the composition, there is a symbiosis of nature and man is inherently present in every plot. The main symbol is a tree - a sign of human happiness.
Fig.3 Compositions of borets painting "Rosette" "Tree" and "holiday skating"
Painting assumes a graphic character using geometric elements; when transferring a sketch to a product, you need to use tools (a ruler and a compass). Ornament border, or column (Fig. 3). assumes - the use of two parallel straight lines dividing into segments, connecting with vertical strokes. It depends on the compositional idea that triangles, rhombuses, flowers, berries can be depicted. The ornament of a snake, grains, circles and curls are used to create a floral image. Everything is subject to a certain sequence and the plant elements are arranged based on this. In the rosette composition, the middle is assigned, the centering, then the circle is drawn out with a compass. The circle is divided into several even segments for further elaboration of the details in the circle. It remains to work out and outline the rest of the compositional elements. The main compositions of the product. Includes - symbolizing a tree, and in the lower part - a festive sleigh ride, birds, vegetation - the whole plane is decorated with climbing vegetation.
A characteristic element of the trefoil has a more rounded, bent to the stem, the upper and lower parts of the leaf, passing into the berry. It is necessary to adhere to the compositional laws, the characteristic style of painting, rhythm. Having determined the color palette: scarlet, green, sand, white and gold, [2] an ornamental sketch and a key central drawing (skating and the tree of life) are created.
Подготовка :
Fig. 4 Grinding Fig. 5 Primer
- Grinding. Prepare sandpaper, sand the wooden part along the grain. Remove dusty residues with a brush. (Fig. 4) -The primer is pva glue. It is shaded with a flute brush and dried. (Fig. 5) –
Tinting. If required by the composition, then a light levkas or color coller can be applied. - Drawing a picture. Graphic elements are strictly drawn using a ruler or tracing paper, possibly a compass.
Fig 6. Application of painting
You need to fix the hand and completely relax the hand. Smooth strokes are applied with a bold slide of the hand, holding the brush with the little finger on the hand. (Fig. 6)
Initially, apply all light colors, then darker ones, be sure to start reviving with whitewash (Fig. 7), finish the composition with contouring (Fig. 8), thin lines, circles, dashes, etc. black tempera. Select the brushes № 4, for the stroke -№ 1. [4]
Fig. 7 Execution of the living Fig. 8 execution of the Contouring
Varnishing
Fig. 9 Varnishing
Protects the product from moisture and scratches. A colorless matt varnish is used. (Fig. 9) The widest possible flute brush over the wood pattern without stopping. The coating is applied in layers, each layer must be dried about three times. After drying, the product is assembled. (Fig. 10).
Fig. 10 Elements, chest walls Fig. 11 Finished product.
The product is ready and will become a real functional decoration of any interior. (Fig. 11)
The painted chest is relevant in a modern interior, finds its place, thereby preserving the traditions of the craft.
1. Shpikalova, T. Ya. Folk art at the lessons of decorative drawing. - M.: Enlightenment 1979 - 192 p.
2. Itten Johannes. The art of color - Dmitry Aronov, 2020. 90 p.
3. Sokolnikova, N. M. Painting of the Northern Dvina and Mezen, - Moscow: Academia, 2003. 213p.
4. Boguslavskaya Irina Yakovlevna. Folk art. Research and materials. 1995 Palace Editions
5. Kruglova O. "Folk painting of the northern Dvina" Moscow, "fine art", 174 p. 1987
